Looking at Life in Different Ways - 1177 Words

â€Å"At the end of Look Both Ways, the film-maker convinces viewers that the characters are capable of looking at their lives in different ways.† Do you agree? In the film Look Both Ways, director Sarah Watt explores the theme that perspective can determine experience in life. The film demonstrates that life is an unscripted event where no one knows the final outcome and we can often become overwhelmed by how seemingly little control we exert over the navigation of our lives By using main characters Nick, Meryl and Andy, she suggests that changing a person’s outlook on life can enrich that person and help overcoming problems. Nick learnt that cancer does not necessarily implicate death, Meryl freed herself from her fears by realising risks†¦show more content†¦Only upon her actual submission to the fact that â€Å"things just happen† can Meryl finally begin to regain her happiness. Conversely, Andy’s view of death is quite different to that of Nick and Meryl. To him, it is an escape route. His negative view on life has him belief that everything happens deliberately. Andy is disgruntled by his job, embittered by his previous marriage and feels threatened by Anna’s pregnancy and the prospect of ‘paying the bills for the rest of his life’ to another woman. This moulds him into an egoistic person, refusing to take responsibility as he believes everyone has an ‘agenda’. Angry and frustrated, the extent of Andy’s distress is shown as he immaturely pops a bag of chips at the store and tells the gospel choir to ‘shut up’. However, his encounter with Nick at the train track is cathartic in bringing a turnaround of his ideas. When he discovers Nicks diagnoses he steps back from the railway and realises how his selfish attitude has kept him hostage to leading an enjoyable life. Andy looks at his life from anoth er angle, that this child may be his opportunity to redeem himself. In the concluding photomontage we see him holding his baby, suggesting that he was able to move on with his life and change his perspective on the past and future. Julias perspective changes throughout the film. The sudden death of her boyfriend has leftShow MoreRelated Catcher and the Rye and Siddhartha Essay980 Words   |  4 PagesHerman Hesse and The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger show many similarities. One of the major themes in both novels consists of the main characters finding their self and journey through life. 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Analysis of Tetrahydrocannabinol Free Essays

THC is a substance that has been around in civilizations around the world for many, many years. The discovery of THC occurred after discovering that morphine attached to receptors in the brain which caused an individual to feel high, chemists in the 40’s and 50’s found that there were specific receptors for THC in the brain and how there is a natural chemical in our body that is similar to THC. It wasn’t until 1963 that two scientists named Mechoulam and Yehiel Gaoni isolated, and first synthesized THC. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Tetrahydrocannabinol or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the world’s history, THC has had a long journey. The first discoveries of it being used were in hemp ropes, and burial clothes made by the Chinese in 10,000 BC. In the middle Ages, Cannabis was grown abundantly throughout Cairo and was never successfully banned due to its use being reinforced by the Koran. When France invaded Napoleon attempted to further the ban on the drug, but people started to spread the word of the wonderful effects it can bring. In the 1900’s the drug was outlawed because a man named Harry J. Anslinger had a personal problem with the drug and in 1937 it was finally banned for good by the Federal Bureau of Narcotics. (The Role of Chemistry in History, History of THC) THC (Merck index number of 9283) is naturally found in a liquid state which is commonly unknown because when it is in the crystal on the plant that is because it is mixed in with other cannabinoids and varieties of terpenes. (Chemical Ecology of Cannabis, David W. Pate) Due to the IUPAC name of THC, tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6-dibenzo[?,d]pyran-1-ol, and the structural formula of THC. I believe that THC is actually in the alcohol family of Organic chemistry with the Molecular formula of C21H30O2. The lethal dosage of THC has only been tested in labs with rats, but it can be calculated to reveal how much THC would need to be smoked to be considered a lethal dosage to human beings. The LD50 in male rats is 1270 mg/kg, and 730 mg/kg in female rats when taken orally in sesame oil, and 42 mg/kg among both genders when inhaled. Cannabis Chemistry, Erowid) These statistics, when applied to humans, means that for a human being to overdose on THC, they would have to smoke 15,000 lbs of marijuana in under 14 minutes. Due to the low level of risk from THC, it is used mainly in the world of medicine to help with many types of problems that can commonly be brought by Cancer, and AIDS. One medical issue that THC is used to help with is arthritis, which has mainly become popular in Britain. The larger area of medicine that THC is actually prescribed for is Complications that come with chemotherapy and AIDS Wasting Syndrome. In both cases, it is used to reduce pain, and damper the suffering in an individual. But, it is also used to counteract the appetite loss, and nausea that comes with chemotherapy. AIDS Wasting Syndrome is where an AIDS patient begins to give up hope, and loses their appetite. Which is where, once again, THC comes into play reconnecting that relationship with food. There are many other uses for medical marijuana such as Glaucoma, Multiple Sclerosis, Depression, Movement Disorders, Parkinson’s disease, dystonia, chronic pain, diabetes, Addiction, asthma, brain injury/stroke, crohn’s disease, ulcerative depression, mental illness, epilepsy, fibromyalgia, high blood pressure/hypertension, migraine, Nail Patella Syndrome, Schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Tourette’s syndrome, but not enough research have been done on these topics to be able to argue the beneficial use of THC as a cure. Some common reactions that a human can have to THC in marijuana from either smoking too much, or being allergic can include depression, anxiety, fatigue, short-term memory loss, dizziness, nausea, tempered coordination, palpitations are experienced as generalized discomfort, and ill-being. Also, acute anxiety or panic attacks from a feeling of loss of self, or loosing of one’s mind. (Acute Effects of Marijuana, NCMDA) Many studies were done that tried to look at the link between juvenile crimes, and the users of marijuana. A few societal issues that were found to be most commonly linked include Truancy, low self-esteem, delinquent behavior (Stealing, vandalism, fare dodging), having delinquent friends, hanging out on streets in boredom, and other behavioral/mental health issues(those in special education programs/schools tend to use more) (The global youth network, Drug trends) Some short term psychological effects of THC can include distorted sense of time, paranoia, magical or â€Å"random† thinking, short-term memory loss, anxiety, and depression. It also blocks certain receptors in your brain that can cause your brain to be unsure whether it can achieve certain tasks or not which can lead to the paranoia, and uncertainty in someone under the influence of THC. (WedMD) When you grow a Cannabis plant, THC seems to be more abundant in that plant when grown in a drier climate. In 1975 two scientists, Latta and Eaton, ran a study that showed when a Cannabis plant is put under more stress in the growing conditions, such as the lack of soil moisture available and competition with neighboring plants, increased the production of delta-9-THC. (Chemical Ecology of Cannabis, David W. Pate) After conducting many hours of research on this topic, I believe that THC is actually a better substance for you than many others out there. It has never caused a single death, and is greatly beneficial to medical treatments of the chronically ill. How to cite Analysis of Tetrahydrocannabinol, Papers

Satisfaction Of The Australian Education †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Study On The Satisfaction Of The Australian Education On The International Students Emerging Issues Answer: recent study conducted by a select committee on the Australian education system and curriculum appointed by the minister of higher education noted that there is a tremendous increase in the number of enrollment by international students. The committee indicated an increase of 2.3% as compared to the last 10 years (Lamb, 2015). This leads to a ratio of 1:50 students; where we have one international student per every 50 local students. Bond University, University of Divinity, Edith Cowan University and Griffith University are the leading university with the highest number of international student enrollment per year. La Trobe University, Charles Darwin University and the University of Technology Sydney are low on the ranking list with the least number of International student enrollment (Norton, 2013). According to the study, the international students are most likely to be satisfied with the Australian universities and their curriculum. According to a study done by an American based educational organization, Australian curriculum is one of the most renowned and one that exposes the student to not only the theoretical part of the study but also the social and practical part of the study. The curriculum in itself it appreciates diversity which could be another key reason for high number international students (Devlin, 2013). In a close check of the reasons why the student has the most prevalence list of universities, the universities had embraced the power of technology. The university has the best libraries and computer lab is the world. These pose as the best place for the students to research their assignments even in their countries through the online library in their blackboard portal (Harry, 2013). Several surveys have indicated that the overseas students who migrate to Australia have been highly satisfied with the studies in Australia. Approximately 88 percent of the abroad students who study at tertiary level in the nation have been highly satisfied with the studies. More than 80 percent of the international students who have been studying in the VET institutes of Australia have reported that among the other nations, their first preference is to study in Australia (Devlin, 2013). The satisfaction of the international students in Australia has risen in the past few years. Several surveys have also indicated that the level of satisfaction among the international students studying in Australia has been much higher when compared to the satisfaction level of the international students in other countries. The major reasons behind the satisfaction of the students have been the excellent learning support and the technology. The several academic benefits that the international students studying in Australia receive involve excellent vocational as well as technical training and the latest innovative technologies used in the institutes. Another major benefit is the recognition of the qualification provided by the Australian institutes by the employers all around the globe. The Australian institutes provide superior quality of education along with high level of financial protection to the international students. Australia has a safe, harmonious and multicultural society that offers a friendly environment to the international students. The cost of living in Australia is comparatively cheaper than US and UK that helps the international students in getting value for money. Australia offers a higher number of scholarships to the international students when compared with US and UK. Additionally, Australia provides greater job opportunities to the students that too in several disciplines that enables the internat ional students to seek job opportunities more easily (Verbik, 2015). The Australian universities provide well- paid employment opportunities to the international students studying in Australian universities. The educational degree offered by these institutes are recognized by the employers all over the world, which enables the students to obtain job in any part of the world. These institutes have their links with several reputed organizations across the globe that helps them in providing placements to the international students with lucrative salary packages (Marginson, 2014). The insinuate facilities provided by Australian educational institutes involves consumer protection framework that protects the international students studying in the country. Australia has an Overseas Students Ombudsmen that investigates the issues and complaints raised by the international students regarding their institute. These services are free of costs and are impartial. The country also provides Tuition Protection Service that assists the international students in case their institute is unable to provide them with the proper course of study. It also provides several other support services that ensure that the international students are safe and commence their studies properly (Tedick, 2013). All these facilities are useful in attracting the international students by ensuring them the quality of education and their safety. The job opportunities provided by the Australian institutes help in attracting a large number of international students every year that helps in improving the economy of the country. References: Barcan, A., 1980. A history of Australian education. Oxford University Press. Devlin, M., 2013. Bridging socio-cultural incongruity: Conceptualising the success of students from low socio-economic status backgrounds in Australian higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 38(6), pp.939-949. English, L.D. and Kirshner, D. eds., 2015. Handbook of international research in mathematics education. Routledge. Harry, K., John, M. and Keegan, D. eds., 2013. Distance education: new perspectives. Routledge. Kaiser, F., Maassen, P., Meek, L., van Vught, F., de Weert, E. and Goedegebuure, L. eds., 2014. Higher education policy: An international comparative perspective. Elsevier. Lamb, S., Jackson, J., Walstab, A. and Huo, S., 2015. Educational opportunity in Australia 2015: Who succeeds and who misses out. Centre for International Research on Education Systems, for the Mitchell Institute. Marginson, S., 2014. Student self-formation in international education. Journal of Studies in International Education, 18(1), pp.6-22. Norton, A. and Cakitaki, B., 2013. Mapping Australian higher education 2016. Melbourne: Grattan Institute. Tedick, D.J. ed., 2013. Second language teacher education: International perspectives. Taylor Francis. Verbik, L., 2015. The international branch campus: Models and trends. International Higher Education, (46).

Philosophy - Can Descartes Be Certain He Is Thinking Essays

Philosophy - Can Descartes Be Certain He Is Thinking Can Descartes be certain that he is thinking? How? Can he be certain that he exists? How? (And who is he?) Descartes statement I think therefore I exist raises questions about the meaning of thought, the meaning of existence but most fundamentally, in what sense he can be certain. The difficulty in establishing the certainty of I think and I exist is that the two concepts are interrelated. Thus, for example, differing interpretations of what it is to think will have a profound impact on the question of whether Descartes can achieve the certainty of his existence. The success of his attempt to achieve certainty can be analysed in relation to how far he overcomes the universal doubt he has introduced in the first meditation. It is in this sphere of meaning that I becomes very relevant as it is possible to argue that his use of I demonstrates that his own interpretation of what is certain is partially based on intrinsically held beliefs. Williams describes the statement I think as indubitable. This is because if anyone believes he is thinking or that he exists then necessarily he has a true belief. Using the Cartesian method, the statement that I think is unique because it is the only premise that has the property of having its truth confirmed by the act of doubting it. Descartes demonstrates that he has found a statement that is not defeated by the possibility of a malicious demon when he says If I am in doubt, if I am entertaining the possibility that I might be deceived, then the very fact that I am around to entertain that doubt shows that I must exist. Thus he is already assuming that his ability to entertain doubt, or think is certain, which based on the premise above, is a not unreasonable conclusion. Before further examining his assertion that he is thinking, the question of what Descartes means by thinking must be defined. In the simplest form, possible definitions of what it is to think can be separated into wide and narrow definitions. In the second meditation, he appears to define thinking in terms of all conscious acts when he describes a thing that thinks as a thing that doubts, understands, affirms, denies, is willing, is unwilling and also imagines and has sensory perceptions. Williams makes the point that the translation of the Latin verb cogitare and the French verb penser have wider meaning than the English to think. They relate to any conscious state or activity. However, if Descartes definition of thought was really this broad it would need to be possible to assert that having sensory perceptions was indubitable as the ability to think. However, as he asserts in the first meditation, it is not the case to believe that I have sensory perceptions necessarily makes it a true belief. Despite this difficulty, Descartes inclusion of, among others, imagination in the above definition of thinking demonstrates that he clearly does not interpret thinking in the narrow sense of being just a cognitive act of the intellectual kind. However, as Cottingham shows, this is partially the fault of categorising the definitions of what it is to think to rigidly. When Descartes says that it is necessary to doubt, understand etc. he is actually referring to the ability to be aware of these rather than being able to control the activities in their own right. Thus the assertion that I am aware that I have sensory perceptions is as indubitable as I am aware that and is thus equated with I think. Williams describes this as Descartes willingness to sheer off purely mental experience. Thus the conclusion can be reached that thought can be defined as that of which I am immediately aware. To return to the question of how he can be certain that he has a true belief, Williams writes that Descartes certainty that he thinks is based not just on its incorrigibility, but also on its self verifying nature. If Descartes asserts I think then this must be true because the act of thinking the statement, proves it. Of course, I think is the only concept that can be self verified thinking

Free Essays on WHO Tobacco Industry Regulation

Regulation could affect a range of key areas but isn’t it about time that the tobacco industry is finally regulated? There are several aspects of the tobacco industry included in Morgan Stanley Dean Witter's (MSDW) equity research, March 14 of 2001, on an industrial overview of tobacco stated in a report titled "Who Will Regulate Tobacco?" They believe that the World Health Organization (WHO) tobacco initiative has some important risks that investors will see as becoming increasingly high profile as the 2003 deadline approaches. First, WHO's aim and negotiation for Global Regulatory Authority by 2003 covers key issues such as advertising, promotion, packaging, excise tax, litigation, and health warnings. Second, WHO initiative represents one of the most serious new global regulatory threats to the tobacco industry, in their opinion. Third, WHO treaty will be legally binding, it's intended that the treaty will be passed into national law and compliance is enforced by natio nal governments. Fourth, tackling youth smoking provides some upside companies’ cooperation with WHO and positively addressing youth smoking could reduce political risk and therefore improve valuations, in their opinion. WHO wants and should be allowed to create a framework within which to become the global tobacco regulator, which MSDW sees as potentially one of the most important regulatory developments for several years. Global Regulatory Authority by 2003 is a global tobacco control treaty that is being negotiated by WHO. WHO is a specialized agency of the UN that has 3,800 fulltime experts working for a tobacco treaty. Tobacco is one of the highest profile issues currently being addressed by the organization. The WHO treaty covers key issues such as advertising, promotion, packaging, excise tax, litigation, and health warnings. Advertising, promotion, and sponsorship is likely to be restricted significantly under a WHO treaty. Annual tobacco indu... Free Essays on WHO Tobacco Industry Regulation Free Essays on WHO Tobacco Industry Regulation Regulation could affect a range of key areas but isn’t it about time that the tobacco industry is finally regulated? There are several aspects of the tobacco industry included in Morgan Stanley Dean Witter's (MSDW) equity research, March 14 of 2001, on an industrial overview of tobacco stated in a report titled "Who Will Regulate Tobacco?" They believe that the World Health Organization (WHO) tobacco initiative has some important risks that investors will see as becoming increasingly high profile as the 2003 deadline approaches. First, WHO's aim and negotiation for Global Regulatory Authority by 2003 covers key issues such as advertising, promotion, packaging, excise tax, litigation, and health warnings. Second, WHO initiative represents one of the most serious new global regulatory threats to the tobacco industry, in their opinion. Third, WHO treaty will be legally binding, it's intended that the treaty will be passed into national law and compliance is enforced by natio nal governments. Fourth, tackling youth smoking provides some upside companies’ cooperation with WHO and positively addressing youth smoking could reduce political risk and therefore improve valuations, in their opinion. WHO wants and should be allowed to create a framework within which to become the global tobacco regulator, which MSDW sees as potentially one of the most important regulatory developments for several years. Global Regulatory Authority by 2003 is a global tobacco control treaty that is being negotiated by WHO. WHO is a specialized agency of the UN that has 3,800 fulltime experts working for a tobacco treaty. Tobacco is one of the highest profile issues currently being addressed by the organization. The WHO treaty covers key issues such as advertising, promotion, packaging, excise tax, litigation, and health warnings. Advertising, promotion, and sponsorship is likely to be restricted significantly under a WHO treaty. Annual tobacco indu...

Definition and Examples of Editors

Definition and Examples of Editors An editor is an individual who oversees the preparation of a text for newspapers, magazines, scholarly journals, and books. The term editor may also refer to an individual who assists an author in copyediting a text. Editor Chris King describes her work as invisible mending. An editor, she says, is  like a ghost, in that her handiwork should never be apparent (Ghosting and Co-Writing in  The Ultimate Writing Coach, 2010).   Examples and Observations A good editor understands what youre talking and writing about and doesnt meddle too much.(Irwin Shaw)The worst editor of an authors writings is himself.(William Hone)Every writer needs at least one editor; most of us need two.(Donald Murray) Kinds of EditorsThere are many kinds of editors, related but not the same: journal editors; series editors; those who work with newspapers, magazines, films, as well as with books. The two kinds that concern us in scholarly publishing are editors and copyeditors. Unfortunately, the first term is commonly used for both, the causeor rather the resultof a confusion in thinking. . . .To define and oversimplify . . . the editors mind sees the entire manuscript, grasps the thinking behind it, clear or not clear, is trained to judge its intellectual quality and relation to other work, can spot a chapter or a section or even a paragraph that has gone awry, and can tell the author where to fix it and sometimes how. But this kind of mind is often impatient with lesser matters, does not relish the painstaking, and often painful, work of detailed correction.(August Frugà ©, A Skeptic Among Scholars. University of California Press, 1993) A Sense of HierarchyEditors need a hierarchical sense of a manuscript, a book, or article. They need to see its structure, its totality, before they become involved in minutiae. A writer should be on the alert when an editor starts by fixing commas or suggesting little cuts when the real problem resides at the level of organization or strategy or point of view. Most problems in writing are structural, even on the scale of the page. . . .A sense of hierarchy is all the more necessary in editing because writers, too, want to concentrate on the little things. . . . To take your pencil to a manuscript is to endorse it, to say it just needs some fixes, when in fact it is just as likely to need rethinking altogether. I want to say and sometimes do say, Well, lets see if its ready to be marked up.(Richard Todd in Good Prose: The Art of Nonfiction by Tracy Kidder and Richard Todd (Random House, 2013) Roles of an EditorEditors in publishing houses can be perceived as basically performing three different roles, all of them simultaneously. First, they must find and select the books the house is to publish. Second, they edit . . .. And third, they perform the Janus-like function of representing the house to the author and the author to the house.(Alan D. Williams, What Is an Editor? Editors on Editing, ed. by Gerald Gross. Grove, 1993) An Editors LimitsA writers best work comes entirely from himself. The [editing] process is so simple. If you have a Mark Twain, dont try to make him into a Shakespeare or make a Shakespeare into a Mark Twain. Because in the end an editor can get only as much out of an author as the author has in him.(Maxwell Perkins, quoted by A. Scott Berg in Max Perkins: Editor of Genius. Riverhead, 1978) Heywood Broun on the Editorial MindThe editorial mind, so called, is afflicted with the King Cole complex. Types subject to this delusion are apt to believe that all they need do to get a thing is to call for it. You may remember that King Cole called for his bowl just as if there were no such thing as a Volstead amendment. What we want is humor, says an editor, and he expects the unfortunate author to trot around the corner and come back with a quart of quips.An editor would classify What we want is humor as a piece of cooperation on his part. It seems to him a perfect division of labor. After all, nothing remains for the author to do except to write.(Heywood Broun, Are Editors People? Pieces of Hate and Other Enthusiasms. Charles H. Doran, 1922)

Imax case study for Strategic Management course Essay

Imax case study for Strategic Management course - Essay Example and Strength-Weaknesses-Opportunity-Threat models, this study will analyze the environmental factors that could affect IMAX’s performance in domestic and foreign markets. Using a crystal clear image which is almost ten times bigger than what a traditional 35mm movie theatre can offer, IMAX is known for its ability to offer exciting film formal around the world. With IMAX’s 3D screen using state-of-the-art 3 dimensional glasses combine with its 15,000 watt digital surround sound system, IMAX was easily able to capture the market. As a sign of success, IMAX was able to generate a total of $59.12 million revenue from IMAX system sales of which $36.57 came from films and $16.58 million from theatre operations (p. 3). Despite the success of IMAX in terms of capturing a larger part of its target audiences by introducing the state-of-the-art technology in the U.S. market, the company had to face business challenges because of its past growth strategy. With the purpose of capturing a wider scope of audiences, expanding the business by entering in alliances with commercial movie theatre owners like AMC, Cinemark, and Regal was not a good idea. Although IMAX was able to install the IMAX system in the multiplexes of AMC, Cinemark, and Regal was cheaper as compared to the case when IMAX would invest on building their own cinemas, the crisis that hit the theatre industry back in the late 1990s made the growth strategy of IMAX a failure (p. 6). As a result of financial difficulty on the part of the theatre owners, many were left out with no choice but to file bankruptcy. This left IMAX with a long list of financial debts. To enable IMAX to success in the global theatre industry, the company had to make a clear judgement and careful decision on how IMAX will be able to compete with its rivals without having the need to experience the same business failure that took place back in the 1990s. Upon analyzing the IMAX’s general and industry environment specifically by

Home Remedy and Complementary Medications Assignment

Home Remedy and Complementary Medications - Assignment Example For the purpose of a pimple I had been using; dipping of cotton into fresh lemon juice and applying on the pimple before going to bed, putting an ice cube in a piece of cloth and holding it onto the affected area, applying of white toothpaste on the pimple before going to bed, rubbing of garlic clove several times a day, talking the steam of hot water on the entire face or usage of honey on to the affected area for half an hour. The objective of considering such folk remedies basically includes fewer side effects as compared to the prescribed doctor’s medication. Mostly all of us have endured folk remedies. For the purpose of a pimple I had been using; dipping of cotton into fresh lemon juice and applying on the pimple before going to bed, putting an ice cube in a piece of cloth and holding it onto the affected area, applying of white toothpaste on the pimple before going to bed, rubbing of garlic clove several times a day, talking the steam of hot water on the entire face or usage of honey on to the affected area for half an hour.

Sarbanes-Oxley Act Article Essay Example for Free

Sarbanes-Oxley Act Article Essay Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act This article review is on the article written by David S. Addington called â€Å"Congress Should Repeal or Fix Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to Help Create Jobs.† The Heritage Foundation published the article on September 30 2013. In the article, the author addresses concerns among companies staying in compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The author indicates that section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley act has caused a financial burden on companies. Companies spend a large amount of money to stay in compliance with the regulations on section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Furthermore, companies could use the money spent on auditing financial records to invest in more business lines and create more jobs (Additon, 2011). Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires companies to include a statement of the responsibility of the company management for â€Å"establishing and maintaining an adequate internal control structure and procedures for financial reporting† along with their report filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The annual report must include an assessment of the effectiveness of the company’s internal control structure and procedures for financial reporting, followed by having a registered public accounting firm â€Å"attest on, and report on the assessment made by the management.† This aspect of the legislation requires companies to document important financial documents along with the review from the certified public accounting firm; it requires tremendous effort and large amounts of money for companies to comply with this aspect of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Additon, 2011). The author indicates that companies can use the money spent by companies to stay in compliance on other businesses lines; creating more job opportunities and benefiting the economy. The author demands that Congress should examine whether section 404 is needed, and if so, how to cut its costly burden on businesses. Modifying or repealing section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act can free businesses to stimulate the economy (Additon, 2011). Businesses must stay in compliance with the law to operate efficiently at all times. Companies should stay in compliance to get the confidence and trust from investors. The 2012 Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance Survey listed where companies  stand on reviewing cost, time, efforts, processes to stay in compliance with the regulations. Approximately 35% of midsize organizations spend from $100,000 to $500,000 annually, and almost 80% spend $1 million or less. By year four of Sarbanes-Oxley compliance, most organization are spending $100,000 to $500,000 annually (2012 Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance Survey); this is relatively a small amount of money compared the total amount the company actually makes. The Sarbanes-Oxley act protects the public from unethical behavior by companies. If the government does not hold companies accountable for their financing, it will lead to unconfident investors in the market; if the public is not investing in businesses the economy will not be better. The prize the company pays to stay in compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is at the right price, achieving trust, and confidence from the public. References David S. Addington Congress Should Repeal or Fix Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to Help Create Jobs. The Heritage Foundation. September 30, 2011. Web. Retrieved from: http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/09/congress-should-repeal-or-fix-section-404-of-the-sarbanes-oxley-act-to-help-create-jobs 2012 Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance Survey. Retrieved from: http://www.protiviti.com/en-US/Documents/Surveys/2012-SOX-Compliance-Survey-Protiviti.pdf

Is ADHAD Over-Diagnosed? Essay examples -- Diseases, Disorders

There has been an ongoing debate about whether the mental disorder ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is over-diagnosed. ADHD is commonly diagnosed in people, more specifically children, who lack the ability to pay attention, are often disruptive, are hyperactive, and impulsive. A medical personnel or a psychologist diagnoses the children using a list of criteria. It is only in recent years that doctors have begun researching better and more effective ways to diagnosis patients using brain scans. It is because of this, that ADHD is over-diagnosed for several reasons: the different personalities that children can exhibit; parents not taking responsibility as parents; and the lack of proper ways to identify ADHD. Each child is specifically unique in his or her own way. As a result, each child learns and acts differently. When a child is hyperactive or does not pay attention, parents are often worried that their child may have ADHD. However, that child may be a highly active child by nature and in need of exercise and a way to burn of all of that energy. In addition, various research has been done on the effects of the child’s age upon entering the classroom. To research the effect age could potentially have on children, a study was done in British Columbia that focused on 930,000 children between the ages of 6 to 12, from the years 1997 to 2008. They found that those born in December, typically some of the youngest in the class, â€Å"were 30 percent more likely to be diagnosed and 41 percent more likely to be treated with ADHD medication that boys born in January† (Dotinga). The research also showed similar results for girls. Although, the article claims that the findings, â€Å"†¦don’t prove definitively that any kids are... ...ot. Works Cited "Attention Deficit Disorder." - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment by Medicalook. Medicalook. Web. 21 Mar. 2012. Dotinga, Randy. "Youngest Kids in Class More Apt to Get ADHD Diagnosis: Study." HealthDay Consumer News Service 05 Mar. 2012: Consumer Health Complete - EBSCOhost. Web. 21 Mar. 2012. Kanarek, Robin B. "Artificial Food Dyes And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Nutrition Reviews 69.7 (2011): 385-391. Consumer Health Complete - EBSCOhost. Web. 21 Mar. 2012. Kirkpatrick, LaVonne. "ADHD Treatment And Medication: What Do You Need To Know As An Educator?." Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin 72.1 (2005): 19-29. Education Full Text (H.W. Wilson). Web. 26 Mar. 2012. Peacock, Judith. "Chapter Three: How Is ADHD Diagnosed?." ADD & ADHD. 19. Capstone Press, 2002. Consumer Health Complete - EBSCOhost. Web. 26 Mar. 2012.

My Life Experience

When becoming a leader or a manager, it does make a different when it comes into play. I have found that it is very important that personal value plays a role in every leader’s success. For any leader or manager, he/she should apply these personal values and share this information within the organizations that they work for and as well as for the employees that are working for them. By taking the Ethic Awareness Inventory Assessment to see how well I do to realize my own ethical standpoint and compare the result with the inventory analysis. To my surprise, I scored high in the obligation and the results profiles. It stated real clearly that ethical decision-making involves three components awareness, articulation, and application (Ethics Awareness Inventory, 2006). Upon the evaluation of this test, it stated that an individual with equal high scores in both of these areas can be experiencing some internal conflict with the leader’s own feelings of moral obligations to employees, although the leader was attempting to accomplish specific results for a any group or organization (Ethics Awareness Inventory, 2006). After learning more about this assessment and its results, I can see how this is appropriate assessment for me. When I used to work, I always gave it my best all because I had a group of students (mental retarded) depending on me. I made sure I was not only right, however I would be there to assist them who needed it. After reviewing the strategic plan that Kudler Fine Foods has developed for a while, I can tell that they do believe in working hard, increasing customer service, a mixed diverse group of employees, and personal relations with different communities in the area. In order for a business to be successful, these are important what they do. I believe that my personal value assessment result would fit right in with becoming a manager at Kudler Fine Foods, and would assist in making the business become so successful by having the right planning in place. Ethics is an important essential fact within the technical world. It offers some valuable information regardless to ethical point of view which identify my values and the values of Kudler Fine foods and how it would affect my role as a manager if I had worked at Kudler Fine Foods. What my understanding is that ethics plays a part that involves employees’ feelings, thoughts and the benefits. I would try to do my best and achieve the most positive outcome in any given situation. â€Å"The Williams Instuition Ethic Awareness Inventory explained differert ethical beliefs in their study. It is based on charater, obligation, equity and result. In this inventory, my personal opinion is closer to result than equity. Based on its report, I am more focused on the result and the consquesences of my actions, but honestly I do believe that conduct is a way to promoting excellent for many employees. The Williams Institute for Ethics and Management had stated that: You believe that we each have a moral right to experience the â€Å"good life. One way to measure how good life really is would be to determine how satisfied the majority of the people in our society seem to be. If most people are unhappy, something is morally wrong and needs to be fixed. Therefore, your approach to ethics is likely to focus on what could be done to improve the well being of the greatest numbers of persons. † (The Williams Instuitie for Ethics and Management, 2008) I am so extremely exciting to realie my own ethical because values and ethics combined are the most important characteristic of a person. They both basically define who we are and what we believe in. There is a list of factors that determine both our value and ethics. I will name a few and they are: Religion, and culture and other factors that affect our beliefs. It is definitely a fact that value and ethics can bump heads with many people from different background who have a different point of view and beliefs whether it is right or wrong. It doesn’t means that it is not a good foundation to practicing good ethics and morals. How we can develop values and ethics, begins from the time we are born into this world and it all begins with the people who play a major influences in our daily life. Parents, siblings, best friends, teachers and mentors are a huge part of our lives as we are growing up . They all played an important part influenicing our thoughts and beliefs. We develop all kind of values and ethics through past experiences whether it is right or what is wrong. Values and ethics are one of the most important characteristic of person. They basically define who we are and what we believe. There are many factors that determine our values and ethics. Religion and culture play a part in our lives and there are many other factors that affect our beliefs. Many times are values and ethics can clash with different people who hold different views and beliefs. This doesn't mean our values or ethics are wrong it just means we think differently than others. Most people have a good sense of ethics and values. Knowing between right and wrong is a good foundation to practicing good ethics and morals. As we develop many values and ethics through past experiences, it can be either a positive and/or negative experience. It depends how we use our thoughts and beliefs when making decisions and judgements. Culture has a biggest influence in both of our values and ethics. Many countries have different beliefs and thoughts of what is or not socially accepted. They have been around for years and their thoughts and beliefs could be just as old if we go way back in history. My personal values experience is very strong and I feel that I developed values and ethics as a young girl. My mother and my grandmother taught me what is right and what is wrong, so that I would not get punished. I remember doing something wrong by telling a lie, but I ended up getting punished anyway. I am so glad that I was raised by two most important intelligent women who had strong morals and high standards. These were very important to learn because they did not like for me to keep lying, stealing or cheating to get punished and have bad luck. When you do wrong, you will be accountable for your actions if you did these things. So that is why they taught and expected me to be honest show respect to others and treat them the way you wanted to be treated. I mean I love this golden rule. That one thing that I live by is live life like a golden. Learning and comparing the results from the Williams institute for Ethics Awareness Inventory along with Kudler Fine Foods as a make-believe manager, does make me want to do a better job at planning a appropriate strategic plan for the team and organization to become a successful business. It is all about having a good foundation block throughtout the oraganiation and exchange ideas and views by communicating and working together as a team.

Automated Record System of Barangay 38 a Thesis Proposal Essay

Barangay P.N.P Compound is located in the heart of Davao City particularly situated in the center of San Pedro , Bolton , Rizal and Quimpo Boulevard Sts. Even in the older times it is the center of trade and religious activities. Barangay P.N.P Compound in the late 1940`s used to be a swampy area with barely 20 houses ( more or less ) built from light materials was situated. Since our barangay is located near barangay bucana which is also very near the coastal areas most parts of our barangay is usually submerged in water caused by the changes in the sea level. According to the pioneer residents which is now our senior citizens , the area during Their times were mostly fishponds and crabs were all over the place specially during High tide . However , as time passes by population gradually increase and fishponds Turned into houses and establishments . In the year 1978 , our first appointed Tenyente Del Barrio Mrs. Lourdes Espiritu was placed in the position but during Mrs. Espiritu`s term their were still no kagawads . However due to health problems she Was replaced by barangay captain Angelita B. Maneja who was duly appointed by the City Mayor that time , together with six (6) of her barangay . The first ever barangay election was held during the late 80`s . In 1993 , under The administration of the late barangay chairwoman Paz Oracion , our barangay hall was constructed. Although made with wood and light materials it is still an Accomplishment that needs to be recognized up to the present times. In 1994, Barangay Captain Paz Oracion was re-elected with new set of barangay council. During the May 7,1993 barangay election barangay Chairman aspirants Robert Cepe and Paz Oracion both got the same number of votes . However , by means of â€Å" toss coin â€Å" which was done in front of the Barangay Hall Robert Cepe was declared as the new Barangay Captain . He serve for the position from May – September 1997 . Paz Oracion Field a petition in court and a recount was granted . It was found out that there were Two (2) ballots that were invalidated . As a result Paz Oracion was declared as the Barangay . At present , we have already made may improvements and developments Within the barangay . We have estimated a total number of six hundred houses (600) And population have also increased . We are constantly thankful to the past and Present Barangay Officials , the constituents and all those local Government Units and Officials who have unendingly given their support , effort and dedication in the spirit Of public service which paved the way in making us one of the developed barangay`s In the heart of the City. Statement of the Problems The study will seek to the following question : †¢ How should the current system security problems be solved in order to provide a system which is proof against unauthorized person ? †¢ What is the difference between manual record keeping and automated record keeping . Objectives of the study This study conducted in surveyed for the purpose of city government serve a barangay . †¢ To know how the barangay was created. †¢ How it become a reservation of Philippine National Police or know as P.N.P compound. Significance of the study This signifies as basis of a barangay to ensure the people living in b Barangay the maintenance , peace in order , health and sanitation . Scope and limitation of the study The scope of the study will focus on the computerization of barangay P.N.P Compound . The barangay officials and staff of the said barangay will be the major respondents of the study , being the direct representative of the establishment. The proposed system will be created using Microsoft Visual Basic as the Front – end and Database Management System (DMS) as the Back – end . Definition of terms The following definitions are based on the conceptual and the operational definitions †¢ Conceptual Definitions : †¢ Automated – automatic the password , store and process †¢ Record – a process where the entries are recorded into a storage device . †¢ System – instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to Work as a coherent entity Operational Definitions : †¢ Automated – process all the data †¢ Record – a process where information is permanently stored in a database . †¢ System – a collection of related process that benefits from each other .

The Andromeda Strain essays

The Andromeda Strain essays The Andromeda Strain takes place in the 1960s in the United States, primarily in the southwest region of the continent. The military is launching a series of satellites for a project called SCOOP. The satellites were sent out to enter the Earths orbit and collect microorganisms for study. The final satellite in the SCOOP series landed in a small town in Arizona called Piedmont. Once the capsule was discovered by a local inhabitant, the population instantly dropped from forty-eight down to two. The satellite recovery team loses contact with the base, and then the military sends out specially equipped aircraft to survey the town. The films taken by the aircraft reveal dead bodies sprawled out all over the streets of the town. In fear that a biological crisis has occurred, the military calls on its specially trained team called Wildfire. The Wildfire team was sent to Piedmont to investigate, and they found two survivors left in the town. One of the survivors was an anemic man, a nd the other was a wailing infant. The team then collects the capsule (or the downed SCOOP satellite) and travels to a secret laboratory in Nevada to study the evidence and devise a solution. The duration of the story consists of the team going through certain procedures in order to discover all that they can about this new organism. Microscopic analysis of the satellite reveals that a small black meteor covered with small green specks is embedded in the outer wall of the satellite. The green specks are observed to expand on the surface of the rock. Mass spectrometry performed on the rock and the green specks show that both the rock and the green specks are organic, consisting mainly of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Amino acid analyses reveal that no amino acids known on Earth, and therefore no proteins, exist within the structure of the microorganism. This concept is explained perfectly, and told by a ...

Bureaucratic Control System

In this assignment I will be discussing the discrepancy from the Sandwich Blitz scenario that I watched. I will also be discussing how the issue could have been avoided, how the Bureaucratic Control System could be applied, and the steps with the system. There was an issue with the supervisor allowing an employee to report time that wasnt worked in that specific pay period. By having a control system in place will mitigate many discrepancies that could possibly occur because there would be protocol and disciplinary actions. The bureaucratic Control system is designed to measure progress toward set performance goals and to apply corrective measures. This is essential in running any business. How can you run a business without structure? With this system there are rules and standards that needs to be followed. This is where the four steps of the control system come into play. Setting performance standards is the first step in the control system. These standards clarify what is to be expected from staff. In the case of Sandwich Blitz, Dalman and Lei had no standards put in place so the employees didnt know what was expected of them. This enabled the supervisor to allow a staff member to report hours that were not yet earned. Measuring performance is the second step in the control process. Its basically developing methods to collect and organize what is going on within the company. This is definitely a step that needs to be taken with Dalman and Lei. They need to have a sit down and see what is going on with their payroll. See how much damage that had been done thus far. I would suggest that their middle management report submit lower level staff time on a weekly basis so it can be accounted for accordingly. Comparing performance with the standard, in my words is evaluating the standards that were put in place. This step was actually taken in Sandwich Blitz because this is how Lei identified the discrepancy with the unpaid time. By evaluating employees performance there could be an evaluation for preset standards. Applying this process, Dalman and Lei can see what works for their business and what dont work for them. The last and fourth step is talking action to correct problems and reinforce successes. The in-text meaning of this is to ensure that operations are adjusted to achieve the planned results or to continue exceeding the plain if the manager determines that is possible. (BatmanSnell, 2009 P297) In other words its stating that once the standards are set and we take corrective action to ensure that the methods and standards are corresponding. In summary, following the bureaucratic control system is needed to regulate. Rules and regulations must be put in place to evade unnecessary issues A business needs a formalized structure such as bureaucracy. Standards are the top of the list for me because once that is in place the blue print of operation is in order. Along with follow up and righting wrong, everything else is smooth sailing.

Social Work Value and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Social Work Value and Ethics - Essay Example It would also not be fair to say that the managers are interested in money as managing something lesser or bigger need to be as per the budget and no manager can over shoot the budget despite the fact that the required service has been made by the needy (Backett, & Manyard, 2005). So, in order to continue with the balancing act which means giving priority to service user needs and interests but at the same time giving equal importance to the existence and role of others involved, a social worker should concentrate more on providing able assistance to those who need services. They shouldn't make promises of something which is beyond their purview. The worker should try to understand the need of Arthur and then convey it to the authorities who could be instrumental in getting a solution as soon as possible. Also, the worker should keep Arthur updated with the various steps of procedures of a requisition and the possible time frame for getting the same. A straight forward promise and not keeping the same and at the same time blaming others would diminish the hope generated into minds of the sufferer. The whole purpose of community service gets lost if the social worker couldn't maintain the hope ignited. Case: As a social worker, I am against abortion and some client wishes to discuss having an abortion. In a case, a pregnant 16-year-old girl, abruptly left home and made arrangements for an abortion. The Court sympathized with both the parents and their daughter in this painful dispute. Nonetheless, the legal issue was clear ' could this 16-year-old girl give a valid consent to a therapeutic abortion' She was competent to give a valid consent and her parents' wishes were not relevant. The Court stated that the parental right to make treatment decisions for a child terminates if and when the child achieves a sufficient understanding and intelligence to fully comprehend the proposed treatment (Backett, & Manyard, 2005). Many people all across world wouldn't accept some necessary evils like abortion or euthanasia. A social worker could have similar opinion built up by a socialization process that begins with the messages conveyed by parents and later in schools and peer groups. Its not something absolute but a result of the convolution that finally shapes ourselves. It also gets influenced by culture; conservative or modern and the mass media. But the actual strength of character gets displayed when we realize the fact that despite all some socially achieved values doesn't necessarily close any scope for conflicts. Its not something unusual if we find ourselves not in agreement with other people and their needs. For a social worker, there is a must to understand that the very nature of social work is that of rediscovering itself at difficult places and not just once but at many places, there would be significant level of clash between societal and personal value and need of the profession and code o f ethics. It may require a lot of

Summary of Molecule bonds, Amino and Nucleic Acids, Proteins Assignment

Summary of Molecule bonds, Amino and Nucleic Acids, Proteins - Assignment Example More generally, bonds may be intermolecular (between atoms in different molecules) or intra molecular (atom to atom bonds within the same molecule). Different theories (such as valence theory and molecular orbital theory) have been used to describe chemical bonds. They are viewed as being complementary with each theory best explaining certain aspects of the bonds. The use of these theories has led to the creation of different molecules through the various bonding processes. Additionally, there are means to visualize the bonding. One of the most popular bonding diagrams is the Lewis Dot Style. In this type of diagram, the chemical symbol of the atom is drawn with up to eight electrons drawn around it as dots (two on each side, top, and bottom). Bonds are displayed according to the arrangement of electrons being shared or attracted. 2. Amino and Nucleic Acids Amino acids are a class of chemicals that contain both an amine and a carboxyl (or carboxylic acid) group. All amino acids follo w a general chemical formula of H2NCHRCOOH, where â€Å"R† is used as a variable to refer to one of many possible side groups. These groups can be as small as one molecule but can also grow quite large. The name and functional of amino acids are closely related to the side group. Accordingly, an alternate name for the side group is functional group. All proteins are made from a chain of amino acids. The number of amino acids contained in the protein, as well as their order, is specific to that protein and results in the protein’s shape. A group of twenty amino acids are drawn from to make up all the proteins of the body. Along with amino acids, nucleic acids are a type of large molecule (macromolecule) that is extremely important for life to occur. All nucleic acids are made up of smaller structures called nucleotides (molecules with a nitrogen base, phosphate group, and a sugar group containing five carbons). The sequence of nucleotides will determine the type of nucl eic acid that is formed. Two of the most essential types of nucleic acids (as related to life) are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). These structures are responsible for containing and transcribing genetic information. This information is then used to instruct many processes within the body, including the construction of proteins. Amino and nucleic acids are robust in living creatures. Together they enable the transport, encoding, decoding, and execution of genetic processes. Certain kinds of each compound can be synthesized in the laboratory for research and various treatment purposes (both potential and realized). 3. Proteins Amino acids can form long chains known as polypeptides (partially named for the peptide bond that forms between amino acids) that can become proteins on their own or in combination with other polypeptides. Proteins are found in muscle and therefore the meat of many animals. These large molecules fill many important roles in the body, inc luding strengthening bones, acting as hormones, cellular structure, and as important participants in cellular signaling. Protein is an important part of the animal diet, as it is broken down and used to form other compounds such as the amino acids that make other proteins. Some

Coursework 8 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

8 - Coursework Example For example, the inhabitants could have cooperated and authorized this as a rule to be followed by all. 6.1: A top down hierarchy came up, under a king’s supervision. Common-pool resources were managed according to tradition and rituals as a means of avoiding overexploitation. However, the traditions did not materialize. 6.2: Group cooperation among societies disintegrated into competition and mutual suspicion. For instance, the reciprocity and trust among tribes disintegrated just like the king’s autonomy to give orders and enforcing them (Diamond, 1995). B. 1. Due to overpopulation, there was deforestation, which in turn led to soil erosion and nutrient leaching, soil evaporation, wind damage, and final crop yield reduction. This meant that food was insufficient to sustain the population as a result of low harvest and competition for the same. There was also class conflict, where the king was accused of the incapability to avert environmental collapse. Power was then assumed by the warrior class. Jointly, destabilization and inadequate response to circumstances as well as the deterioration of resources combined to cause collapse. 2. Just like Islanders, the current human population struggles to balance between preventing the harmful effects of practices like deforestation, soil erosion, and energy conservation. Most societies in the developing world are overpopulated and this continues to be a challenge to the limited amount of food produced. The historical account of Easter Island serves as a warning sign in regard to the need to address environmental issues in such a way that, it illustrates how lack of thoughtful environmental stewardship and careful planning can lead to failure of sustainable management of

Challenges That Face Democracy In Malaysia Politics Essay

Challenges That Face Democracy In Malaysia Politics Essay The basic rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled in society are the essential of human dignity. The rights of human cannot replace nor can be against each other. Socialists protect the rights of Malaysia citizen and protect individual safety, freedom of belief, free expression of opinion, and freedom of association and protection from torment and humiliation. Socialists are devoted to achieving freedom from hunger and wants from Malaysia citizen, actual community security and the rights to work. The countrywide struggles for democratic socialism for the years revealed differences in policy and difference on legislative provisions. These reflect the different histories and pluralism of diverse societies. Socialists do not possess the proposal for a fixed and decisive society, which cannot be changed, reformed or supplementary developed. Solidarity is the influential weapon in the struggle against unkindness and unfairness and it embraces all the citizen in Malaysia. Equality is the precondition of free development of personality. It does not mean regularity and levelling out, but opposition against exploitation and against the rights of those controlling economic and political authority. There must be equal rights and opportunities for the different cultures within each society as well as equal right to use for everyone in Malaysia. Democratic socialism uphold the authority to rule and anxiety for the well-being of people of all classes, the right to a civilized and hygienic environment, the right to inclusive education and training, as well as the ability to contribute in administration and all decision-making processes. Democratic party Malaysia Around 50 years ago, Malaysia began practising parliamentary democracy when the first post-independence general election was held in 1959. An important aspect of the democratic system is elections. Elections in the practice of democracy constitute a social contract between the people and the candidate or party that succeeds to form a government. Barisan National (coalition) United Malays National Organization The United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu in Malay, is the largest political party in Malaysia and a founding member of the Barisan Nasional coalition, which has ruled the country uninterrupted since independence. After the British returned to Malaya in the aftermath of World War II, the independence movement started to take wing to oppose the British plan of a Malayan Union. A series of Malay congresses were held, culminating in the formation of UMNO on May 11, 1946 at the Third Malay Congress in Johor Bahru, with Datuk Onn Jaafar at its head. However, membership in UMNO was and continues to be limited to members of the Malay (bumiputra) race, and Onn Jaafars attempt to change this policy and the partys name into the United Malaya National Organisation was rejected in 1951. Onn Jaafar resigned in protest, but his role was taken up by Tunku Abdul Rahman who steered the country to independence in 1957. Malaysian Chinese Association The Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) is a political party in Malaysia, made up of Malaysian Chinese and one of the three major parties that make up the ruling Barisan Nasional, or National Front. Along with the larger UMNO and the smaller Malaysian Indian Congress, the MCA has a heavy influence on the politics of the country. Through its holding company Huaren Holdings, the MCA also controls five significant newspapers: The Star, Malaysias best-selling English newspaper; Sin Chew Jit Poh, the best-selling Chinese newspaper; and smaller Chinese dailies China Press, Nanyang Siang Pau, and Guang Ming. The Malaysian Chinese Association was formed on 27 Feb 1949 with Sir Tun Tan Cheng Lock as the inaugural President. The MCA is form to safeguard democracy and freedom of the citizen in Malaysia safeguard the legitimate rights of the Chinese community. The party desire to strive for equal status for all races in the country and uphold social justice. In addition, MCA is to promote racial harmony and national unity and national economic and social development Malaysian Indian Congress The Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) is one of the oldest political parties of Malaysia, established in August 1946. It was established in the cause of the continuing struggle of the inter-war tears, to end British Colonial rule, as well as in the require for representation on behalf of Indian Community in the post war development of the country. Its founder President was John A. Thivy (1946-1947). The Party was committed to the attainment of freedom and democracy for the country. Besides that, MIC desires to build a positive inter-racial harmony and cooperation. General prosperity and stability of the country and a fair share for the Indian community in the future of the country also the attainment that MIC want to accomplish. Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia was founded in 1968. Since then, the party have been growing from strength to strength despite external constraints and internal problems. Through sincere leadership, practical strategies and non-communal approaches, the party have been successful in obtaining support to strive for a democratic united Malaysia characterized by racial harmony, social justice, economic equality, political democracy and cultural liberalism. As a relatively young party, the party has encountered moments of triumph and suffering in the struggle. The current leader of Gerakan is Tan Sri Dr. Koh Tsu Koon who won the post of President uncontested in the 2008 party elections. As of 2006[update], about 80% of Gerakans members are ethnic Chinese, another 15% are Indian, and the rest are Malays or other races. The PGRM have been complimented as well as criticized. But all the same, the party never faltered in faith. Integrity and ability have again and again been proven through deeds and words, both internal and outside the government sphere. The receptivity to peoples criticism and advice, and sensitivity to the citizen needs and aspirations are the two major elements that make the party a dynamic and resilient political force in the national arena. The party suffered its worst electoral defeat in the 2008 General Election, which saw the party retaining only two parliament seats, compared to the 10 seats it had before the election. As a result, the party lost its only cabinet post in the ensuing cabinet shuffle. In addition, Gerakan also lost power in Penang after governing the state for almost 39 years. Liberal Democratic Party (Malaysia) The Liberal Democratic Party is a Chinese political party originally founded in the town of Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia by Hiew Min Kong in 1989. The party is considered a minor political party in Malaysia, having its base mainly in Sabah. Its sole parliamentary seat in the Dewan Rakyat is the Sandakan seat which was won by the partys president, Liew Vui Keong in the 2008 General Elections under the Barisan Nasional ticket. The objectives of Liberal Democratic Party Sabah are to honour and protect the Constitution of Malaysia and to uphold the principles of the Rukun Negara. To strive for and establish a fair and equal society regardless of racial origin or belief and to inspire into the people the spirit of mutual respect, tolerance and friendliness in a multi-racial, multi-cultural and multi-religious society. LDP wish to eliminate corruption in all forms in the Government and to ensure the establishment of a government fully accountable to the people. LDP safeguard the interests of Sabah within the context of Malaysia and co-operate with other political organisations with similar aims and objectives on a Malaysian basis in joint political activities. Top of Form Barisan Alternatif (coalition) Democratic Action Party The DAP or Democratic Action Party was founded on 18th March 1966. Using its symbol of the Rocket, the DAP had contested in 10 general elections from 1969 to 2008. The vision of the party is to create a peaceful and successful social democracy that can unite the different races and diverse religions and cultures based on a Malaysian Malaysia concept by forging Malaysian race with universal moral values and offering equal rights and opportunity. The party is democratic governance and rule of law and creating wealth and distributing wealth equitably. The party is fighting against corruption as well The DAP is committed to the fight for a free, democratic socialist Malaysian Malaysia, based on the principles of human rights, equality, social and economic justice, and founded on the institution of parliamentary democracy. As democratic socialists or social democrats, the party is desire a social environment whereby there can be liberated development of the human personality within the community. As a member of Socialist International (SI), DAP is one with democratic socialists or social democrats throughout the world fighting for the cause of humanity and social democracy. DAP is in solidarity with oppressed peoples who oppose unjust wars and production of weapons for war and who advocate peace and prosperity based on equal co-operation aided by scientific knowledge and technical advancement. Early electoral successes and related events The DAP contested a general election for the first time in 1969. In line with their commitment to equality, the DAP originally campaigned against Bumiputra privileges, such as those afforded to them by Article 153 of the Constitution. Article 153 is one of the most controversial articles in the Malaysian constitution. Critics consider it to create an unnecessary and racialist distinction between Malaysians of different ethnic backgrounds, because it has led to the implementation of affirmative action policies which only benefit the Bumiputra, who comprise a majority of the population. They also continued Lee Kuan Yews campaign for a Malaysian Malaysia, the idea of which was originally conveyed by Lee in Parliament: Malaysia to whom does it belong? To Malaysians. But who are Malaysians? I hope I am, Mr Speaker, Sir. But sometimes, sitting in this chamber, I doubt whether I am allowed to be a Malaysian. The DAP went on to win 13 Parliamentary seats and 31 State Assembly seats, with 11.9% of all valid votes that were cast in the election; the Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (Gerakan) which campaigned on a similar platform also made major gains. The 1969 election marked the biggest gains ever made by an opposition party in Malaysia (before 2008), and came close to seeing the ruling Alliance toppled from power. However, a march made by the DAP along with Gerakan as part of the opposition team led to violence, and resulted in what was euphemistically termed the May 13 Incident. Parliament was suspended for two years, and the executive branch of the government assumed power. When Parliament reconvened, it passed pieces of legislation such as the Sedition Act that illegalised discussion of repealing certain portions of the Constitution. Most of these concerned Bumiputra privileges, such as Article 153. The DAP and the Peoples Progressive Party (PPP) were the only parties that voted against the Act, which passed by a vote of 125 to 17. After the 1969 election, the DAP would never come close to repeating its past successes for the next 38 years. Although the DAP remained a major opposition party, the ruling coalition had clung solidly to its two-thirds parliamentary majority. The DAP, however, continued campaigning on its platform of abolishing the Bumiputra privileges, giving equal rights for all Malaysians regardless of race and establishing a democratic socialist state in Malaysia. During the Mahathir administration in 1987, several DAP leaders, including Parliamentary Opposition Leader Lim Kit Siang, were detained by the government without trial during Operation Lalang, under the accusation of being a national security threat. It is widely believed they were arrested for protesting the expansion of the New Economic Policy (NEP). KeADILan The Peoples Justice Party of Malaysia (KeADILan) is the only multi-racial, multi-ethnic political party in Malaysia calling for widespread political reform and advocating for social justice for all Malaysians.   KeADILan believes good governance and accountability of public servants is the cornerstone of the Malaysian democracy and as such has been outspoken against the excesses of the current government, which is seen to be beholden to special interests and cronyism.   Borne in the upheaval of the 1998 movement known as Reformasi, the National Justice Party (NJP) headed by Dr. Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, the wife of former Deputy Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, captured five seats in Parliament solidifying the young partys role in national politics. In 2003 the NJP merged with the Malaysian Peoples Party to form the Peoples Justice Party, still headed by Dr. Wan Azizah. A true reflection of Malaysias multi-ethnic population, KeADILans ranks are filled with Malays, Indians and Chinese dedicated to building a prosperous Malaysia wedded to the principles of freedom and democracy.   KeADILan is dedicated to overcoming generations of race-based politics which have prevented Malaysia from realizing its potential as a diverse society.   This year KeADILan has experienced a surge in popularity under the leadership of Anwar Ibrahim and in light of widespread public dissatisfaction with the current Malaysian government.   General elections are anticipated in 2008 and KeADILan is slated to make substantial gains at the polls. Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party The Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party commonly known as PAS or Pas, is an Islamist political party in Malaysia and is currently headed by Datuk Seri Abdul Hadi Awang. PAS positions itself as a political party that aims to establish Malaysia as a country based on Islamic legal theory derived from the primary sources of Islam, the Quran, Sunnah as well as Hadiths, as opposed to Barisan Nasionals Islam Hadhari, which PAS sees as based on a watered-down understanding of Islam. The party enjoys strong support from the northern rural and conservative states such as Kelantan and Terengganu. It is also the first opposition party in independent Malaysias history to defeat the Barisan Nasional coalition in a Malay dominated state. PAS, together with Parti KeADILan Rakyat (known as PKR), and Democratic Action Party (known as DAP) formed part of a coalition called Pakatan Rakyat following the 2008 election. Together, Pakatan Rakyat now controls four states in Malaysia which are Kelantan, Kedah, Selangor and Penang. Criticisms towards UMNO-led Barisan National government PAS often opposed and criticised the Barisan Nasional coalition. However, for a brief period from 1973 to 1978, under the leadership of Asri Muda, PAS was brought into the BN fold.The Islamic opposition party often alleges that the economic and social problems of Malaysians and Malay-Muslims are the fault of the UMNO-dominated Barisan Nasional federal government in Kuala Lumpur. PAS claims that after independence, social problems such as drugs, corruption and promiscuity have increased and blames the UMNO-led government for allowing these problems to arise. PAS is of the view that its leadership can overcome these perceived problems for the benefit of the Muslim and non-Muslim electorate alike by establishing an Islamic state. Pakatan Rakyat Pakatan Rakyat or PR (English: Peoples Pact / Peoples Alliance) is an informal Malaysian political coalition formed on April 1, 2008. The political coalition comprises a group of Malaysian political parties, namely, the Peoples Justice Party (PKR), Democratic Action Party (DAP), and Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), who collectively worked together in what was colloquially called the Barisan Rakyat (Peoples Front) during the 12th Malaysian general election in 2008. In the 10th General Election, they had formed the Barisan Alternatif (Alternative Front). Each political party in Peoples Alliance has its own ideology; PKR promotes its ideals that revolve around social justice and anti-corruption themes, PAS with its aim to establish Malaysia as a nation based on Islamic legal theory and DAP with its secular, multi-racial, social democratic ideals. Pakatan Rakyat is to be collectively led and managed, by all three parties and pledges to uphold the rights and interests of all Malaysians. With the establishment of the Pakatan Rakyat coalition, the state governments of Kelantan, Kedah, Penang and Selangor are known as the Pakatan Rakyat state governments.

Only A Surfer Knows The Feeling :: essays research papers

Only a Surfer Knows the Feeling There is a guy from Hawaii that I know. Every day, he wakes up, straps his surfboards to the racks on top of his car, drives his car from a town called Ewa, across the island of Oahu, to a little beach known as Ala Moana Beach Park. He does all of this even before the sun comes up. He spends a few minutes just looking at the ocean, watching and surveying the waves and how they break. As soon as the sun makes its first peek over the horizon, he grabs a board, waxes it up, and jumps in the water. He then paddles his board through what many people call a journey: two hundred yards of dark cold water, blistering currents, and waves pushing back against each stroke made to push forward. He makes this journey to get to a point right past where all the waves break, to a point called the line-up. It’s here, where he waits for a wave that he catches back towards the shore, only to make the journey back through all the cold harsh currents and waves again. He catches a few waves, and the n catches one all the way back to shore, where he showers, gets dressed and then goes off to work. He has one of the most stressful jobs I can think of. He is a counselor at one of the local shelters for teenage runaways. He deals with teen depression, suicidal tendencies, and coordinates bringing these kids back together with their families. And even though these tasks aren’t what most people would want to have to put up with in their lives, he does it every day. Furthermore, as stressful as his job seems to be, this man is one of the mellowest guys that I know. When asked why he does this morning ritual every day, he said, â€Å"surfing helps keep me focused†. And I believe him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Think about it for a moment, each time a surfer goes to a beach, waxes up his board, and surveys the waves from the shore, he is preparing to go into the water to do something quite amazing. This person is willing to test not only his limits, but also the limits of what the ocean can do to him. He wants to battle the power of the entity that covers over seventy percent of the earth, manifested in the form of a wave, and ride it for all its worth.

Macbeth †Kingship Essay

The role of the king in Medieval society was blessed by God and enjoyed almost divine status. The King embodied the moral and social welfare of his subjects and, with this in mind, the theme of Kingship can easily be understood. In the play kingship is so significant a theme that Shakespeare presents four versions of it. Firstly, there is the begin, almost ideal kingship of Duncan, whose murder constitutes the perversion of this ideal. This is followed by the tyrannical reign of the usurper Macbeth. King Edward, though an indirect character, he represents the opposite to Macbeth’s reign of terror, Edward’s represents the capacity for absolute goodness. Finally, speculation remains as to Malcolm’s potential as future King of Scotland. Although a work in process he is the ‘sovereign flower’ and Macbeth is seen as the weed. â€Å"Gracious Duncan† is the first example of a benign and worthy King. From his introduction in Act 1 Scene 2 to his untimely death in Act 2 Scene 2, Duncan appears to have been the ideal King, who exemplified the â€Å"King becoming graces†. He is admired by his subjects for his justice, gratitude, generosity and compassion. He is generous in his praise of those whom he feels have served him well, in particular Macbeth, â€Å"O worthiest cousin/ More is thy due than more all can pay. † However, he is not entirely without fault, his weakness is displayed in his overly-trusting nature that leads to his death. The trust he places in others is noble in a King. Duncan’s murder, therefore, is unnatural, a crime against the course of nature. Yet nevertheless does this stop Macbeth, and he commits regicide and succeeds to the throne as a usurper but no sooner has he killed Duncan does he wish him alive again showing his inner turmoil and guilt as a reluctant criminal ‘wake Duncan with thy knocking, i would thou couldst’. Macbeth’s unlawful accession to the thrown upsets the natural order ‘by the clock ‘tis day, and yet dark night strangles the travelling lamp’ . Macbeth acquires power illegally and abuses it when he has it, to the detriment of his country, killing all those who oppose his rule and speak of fear ‘ send out more horses, skirr the country round, hang those that talk of fear’ . however, he is unhappy in his â€Å"great office. † The achievement of power has not brought him contentment, â€Å"To be thus is nothing but to be safely thus. † His reign, for which he â€Å"play’d most foully† is marked by tyranny, corruption and death, as Scotland â€Å"sinks†. Lennox speaks of the suffering Scotland under Macbeths ower ‘ that a swift blessing may soon return to this our suffering country, under a hand accursed’ . Macbeth is only able to maintain his power only by resorting to murder and terror against his subjects, the murder of Macduff’s family in Act 4 Scene 2 is an astonishing crime caused by his own fears over his place as king. Under his reign, Scotland, â€Å"sinks beneath the yoke/It weeps, it bleeds and each new day/A new gash is added to her wounds. † Edward, King of England, provides a welcome alternative to the cruelty of Macbeth. There is a pointed contrast between Edward and Macbeth. Macbeth used his power for destruction and ruination. However Edward, like Duncan, was chosen by God. He is a true and rightful King and is seen as a saintly force with miraculous cures. ‘speak him full of grace’. He is a fitting opponent to the cruelty of Macbeth. The absolute goodness of King Edward highlights the opposing forces of good and evil in the play. The final image of kingship in the play revolves around Malcolm. His function in the play is highly significant as it is his duty to restore the status quo. As the rightful heir to the throne, the son of a good King and a holy mother, his smooth accession to the throne secures his acceptance by his subjects. Not only does this entitle him to the kingship, but it also promises a beinign reign. However, Malcolm is young and ineffectual and seems a slight figure to dispel the dark cloud of Macbeth’s reign, His hasty departure following the murder of his father was a healthy decision for the survival of his line. Shakespeare allows for Malcolm’s maturing and he quickly grows into his role realising earlier mistakes he has made ‘Unspeak mine own detraction here abjure the taints and blames i laid upon myself, for strangers to my nature’. His caution which he has learned from his fathers mistakes are commendable and desirable in a future king and he displays none of the naivete of his father. He subjects Macduff to an elaborate tests to assure his loyalty to Scotland and he recalls the king-becoming graces, â€Å"Justice, loyalty, temperance, stableness, bounty, perseverance, mercy, lowliness, devotion, patience, courage, fortitude. † His succession to the throne is significant in restoring the natural order, and it is evident that he will use his power for purposes of good. The future of Scotland looks bright under the new King, . The theme of kingship in the play Macbeth is indeed a crucial one. There seems to be more to attaining power than merely sitting on the throne. One must be a King and inherit rightfully by succession, and thereby prosper with the grace of God. Malcolm, like Edward and Duncan, is the rightful heir to the throne. With the death of Macbeth, and Malcom as the rightful heir , the universal order is finally restored and Scotland will thrive again. Under Macbeth, Scotland suffered and it is clear then that a country’s suffering or prosperity is a direct reflection of the moral nature of its King.

On What Grounds Have Conservatives Supported Tradition and Continuity

To what extent have conservatives supported tradition and continuity? Traditional conservatives place an emphasis on tradition as they believe, according to Edmund Burke that traditional customs and practices in society is ‘God given'. Burke thus believed that society should was shaped by the ‘law of the Creator', or what he called the ‘natural law'. If human beings tamper the world they are challenging the will of God. Burke further described tradition as a partnership between ‘those who are living, those who are dead and those who are to be born'.Tradition is also revered as it could be argued to proven to work as it has been ‘tested by time', and therefore be preserved for the benefit of the living and for generations to come. Tradition reflects a Darwinian belief that those institutions and customs that have survived have only done so because they have worked and been found to be of value. They have been endorsed by a process of ‘natural select ion' and demonstrated their fitness to survive. Conservatives also respect tradition because it generates, for both society and the individual, a sense of identity. Similar article: Conservatives and PragmatismEstablished customs and practices are ones that individuals can recognize; they are familiar and reassuring. Tradition also generates social cohesion by linking people from the past and providing them with a collective sense of who they are. Change, is unknown and therefore it creates uncertainty and insecurity, and so endangers our happiness. Tradition, therefore, consists of rather more than political institutions that have stood the test of time. Some modern Conservatives have also valued tradition, these include, the ‘one nation' conservatives and the Christian Democrats. One nation' conservatism began in the 19th century when Disraeli coined the term. Disraeli wrote against the background of growing industrialization, economic inequality and, in continental Europe at least, revolutionary upheaval. He tried to draw attention to the danger of Britain being divided into ‘two nations: the Rich and the Poor'. In the best conser vative tradition, Disraeli's argument was based on a combination of prudence and principle. Alternatively, growing social inequality starts revolutions. People would not accept their misery and they would revolt, as Disraeli feared.Revolutions broke out in Europe in 1830 and 1848 seemed to prove this belief. Reform was therefore needed for Britain to prevent the tide of the revolution arriving in Britain and it would protect the interests of the rich. In office, Disraeli was responsible for the Second Reform Act of 1867, which for the first time extended the right to vote to the working class, and for the social reforms that improved housing and hygiene. Disraeli's idea's had a considerable impact on conservatism and contributed to a radical and reforming tradition that appeals to both the pragmatic instincts of conservatives and their social duty.Disraeli's ideas formed the basis of ‘one-nation conservatism'. Randolph Churchill took up Disraeli's ideas in the late 19th centur y and he stressed the need for traditional institutions, e. g. the monarchy, the House of Lords and the church-to enjoy a wider base of social support. One-nation tradition was revived and reached high points in the 1950-60's, when conservative governments in the UK and elsewhere came to practice a version of Keynesian social democracy, working for full employment and enlarging welfare provision.Harold Macmillan explained it in ‘The Middle Way' and he promoted ‘planned capitalism', which he described as ‘a mixed system which combines state ownership, regulation or control of certain aspects of economic activity with the drive and initiative of private enterprise'. The purpose of one-nationism is to consolidate hierarchy rather than to remove it, and its wish to improve conditions of the less well-off is limited to the desire to ensure that the poor no longer pose a threat to established order-tradition. The Christian Democrats are also examples of conservatives sup porting tradition.Christian democracy is a political ideology that seeks to apply Christian principles to public policy. It emerged in 19th century Europe under the influence of conservatism and Catholic social teaching. The new form of conservatism was committed to political democracy and was influenced by the paternalistic social traditions of Catholicism. There are Conservatives who have challenged tradition, namely, the New Right Recently, it has begun to have a much more complex ideological basis. The New Right was in the 1970s/1980s a movement personified by Ronald Reagan in the USA and Margaret Thatcher in Britain.Its key threads are the free market economics of Milton Friedman and F. A. Hayek, a commitment to individualism and personal responsibility, and a staunchly authoritarian stance on crime and other moral issues. The New Right was, as its name suggests, a significant, distinct break with the conservative thinking that had gone before. It was a radical break with the p ost-war Keynesian ‘social democratic' consensus on the economy, and this can be seen as challenging the old definition of Conservatism. The word ‘radical' only applies if you consider a very limited timeframe, however.The commitment to economic individualism likely came from the fact that, until recently, richer classes had to contribute very little tax. This neo-Conservative principle led to significant change: it has been applied more or less egalitarianly, reducing the tax burden of the poor too (that said, it helps the rich far more than the poor, who now have to pay an increased share of indirect taxes. ) The same can be said of many other core beliefs – not only Margaret Thatcher's ‘Victorian values' and the Reagan-Thatcher cutting of public spending, but the crackdown on trade unions and the new approach to economics developed by Friedman and Hayek.Critics of Conservatism have pointed out that they invariably follow the traditional Conservative agenda , and have claimed that they are just an attempt to give Conservatism a new intellectual foundation. Libertarian Conservatism also counteracts the traditional conservative view on tradition. Liberal ideas have influenced conservatism, especially classical liberal ideas. The New Right has been seen to have usurped traditional conservative ideas in the interests of classical liberalism.Economic liberalism whereby there is a belief in the free market as a self-regulating mechanism that tends naturally to deliver general prosperity and opportunities for all. Liberal conservatives believe that economic liberalism is compatible with traditional, conservative social philosophy based on ideas and values such as authority and duty. Edmund Burke, seen as the founder of traditional conservatism was also a keen supporter of the economic liberalism of Adam Smith. Burke believed the free market is efficient and fair, but it is also, as Burke believed, natural and necessary. The laws of the market are ‘natural laws'.Burke further accepted that working conditions dictated by the market are, for many, ‘degrading, unseemly, unmanly and often most unwholesome', but insisted that they would suffer further if the ‘natural course of things' were disturbed. The capitalist free market could thus be defended on the grounds on tradition, just like the monarchy and the church. However, libertarian conservatives are not consistent liberals and they have a more pessimistic view of human nature, and hence, they support the traditional conservative view on tradition here. A strong state is required to maintain public order and ensure that authority is respected.Some libertarian conservatives are attracted to free-market theories because they promise to maintain and secure social order. In conclusion, one could argue that overall conservatives do support tradition. Different strands of conservatives may find opportunities to disagree with aspects of traditional conservative ideology, however, it must be said that in every strand of conservatism, from traditional conservatives to the New Right to libertarian conservatives tradition is supported in some form, whilst it may not be wholly supported, it is still supported.